September 21, 2025 | 07:00 pm
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - In an era of financial uncertainty, understanding gold reserves by country can open the door to endless investment opportunities. For years, many powerhouses have consistently protected some of the world’s highest gold reserves for various reasons, including economic stability. Examining which countries dominate the sector not only reveals their strength but also offers investors a clearer picture of global financial security.
According to the World Gold Council, the International Monetary Fund, and other sources, the United States, Germany, and Italy sit at the top when it comes to gold reserves by country. Beyond these global forces, some other nations also include:
1. United States
The United States officially becomes the country holding the highest gold reserves in the world, with more than 8,100 tons of the valuable metal. In 2025, half of the nation’s reserves are reportedly stored in the United States Bullion Depository, also known as Fort Knox, as stated by Visual Capitalist. Among many key benefits affecting the country is the strong grip of the U.S. dollar on the world’s financial stability.
2. Germany
As the second nation with the largest gold reserves by country, Germany impresses investors with over 3,350 tons of gold in their possession. Unlike the U.S., Germany has opted to store much of its precious metals in foreign vaults, including the Bank of England in London and the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
3. Italy
Italy’s commitment to preserving its wealth is demonstrated through the substantial amount of the country’s gold reserves, which exceed 2,450 tons. For many years, its central bank has continued to safeguard long-term insurance at the Bank of Italy’s head office in the United States.
4. France
Another European counterpart on the list, France, strategically controls its financial stability with around 2,435 tons of gold. Just last year, this staggering amount was estimated to be valued at US$182 billion.
5. China
China is blessed with a vast array of raw materials, from many grades of steel to base metals including aluminum, iron, magnesium, copper, and zinc. And, its gold reserves are no exception. Today, the country holds more than 2,200 tons as one of its significant efforts to reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar.
6. India
Following closely other countries with the highest gold reserves, India owns as much as 879 tons of the precious metal. What makes the country stand out is the fact that it is common for the residents to hold gold privately, for the reasons of both financial stability and a symbol of wealth.
7. Japan
Holding more than 845 tons of gold, Japan ranks pretty high in the discussion. As a major player across different economic fields, the home country of Sakura never fails to bedazzle the world with its advanced technology, purposeful invention, and the ability to build.
8. Turkiye
Turkiye is now included in the top 10 countries with the highest gold reserves. In 2025, the country appears to own over 634 tons of gold, as one of its biggest efforts to hedge against monetary crises.
9. The Netherlands
With over 612 tons of gold, the Netherlands is evidently part of the team. Citing the official website of the Dutch central bank– De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB), the government keeps only 31% of its gold in DNB’s vault.
10. Poland
Poland rounds out the list of the gold reserves by country, with about 512 tons of the valuable metal. At the same time, Poland is also known among the nations that produce the most silver globally, holding around 70,000 metric tons.
As global economies continue to navigate uncertainty, gold reserves by country remain a cornerstone of financial security and influence. The countries leading this list not only safeguard their own stability but also shape the balance of the world’s monetary system.
Editor's Choice: Best Countries to Buy Gold in Asia and the Middle East
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