TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - US President Donald Trump announced a new import tariff policy that significantly impacts international trade. The policy, announced on April 2, 2025, is known as the Trump Tariff and is imposed on many countries with the aim of addressing injustice in global trade practices.
This new tariff policy is part of Trump's efforts to create equality in international trade. In his speech, Trump stated that this new tariff is a step to protect American industries and workers from unfair trading practices by other countries.
A basic tariff of 10 percent will be imposed on almost all imported goods, while higher tariffs will be applied to specific countries.
Countries with High Import Tariffs
According to Aljazeera report, Trump imposed high import tariffs on countries that are considered to have unfair trading practices or impose higher tariffs on US goods.
Here is a list of countries affected by high import tariffs:
- Cambodia (49 percent)
- Sri Lanka (44 percent)
- Vietnam (46 percent)
- Bangladesh (37 percent)
- Thailand (36 percent)
- China (36 percent)
- Taiwan (32 percent)
- Indonesia (32 percent)
- Switzerland (31 percent)
- South Africa (31 percent)
- Pakistan (29 percent)
- India (26 percent)
- South Korea (25 percent)
- Japan (24 percent)
- Malaysia (24 percent)
- Philippines (17 percent)
- Israel (17 percent)
Cambodia tops the list with the highest tariff of 49 percent, followed by Laos and Vietnam with 48 percent and 46 percent respectively. Indonesia ranks sixth with a tariff of 32 percent, indicating the significant impact of this policy on the country's economy.
List of Countries with Low Import Tariffs
On the other hand, there are also countries subject to lower tariffs. Some of them include:
- Singapore (10 percent)
- United Kingdom (10 percent)
- Brazil (10 percent)
- Chile (10 percent)
- Turkey (10 percent)
- Colombia (10 percent)
- Australia (10 percent)
Countries Exempted from the New Import Tariff Policy
Among the series of countries affected by the new Trump Tariff, there are four countries that are exempt, namely Russia, North Korea, Belarus, and Cuba.
"Cuba, Belarus, North Korea, and Russia are not included in the Reciprocal Tariff Executive Order because they already face very high tariffs and the sanctions we have previously imposed have hindered trade with those countries," said a White House official speaking anonymously as reported by Antara.
Economic Impact
The import tariff policy implemented by President Donald Trump not only affects trade relations between the United States and its partner countries, but also has a significant impact on the global economy.
Indonesia is among the countries affected by the 32 percent reciprocal tariffs imposed on exports to the US. Didin S. Damanhuri, a professor at FEM IPB, estimated that this policy could worsen the depreciation of the rupiah exchange rate, potentially dropping to Rp17,000 per US dollar.
Didin explained that this tariff policy creates global economic pressure, including on the currencies of various countries. The rupiah has already weakened due to negative domestic sentiment such as the Danantara issue and the populist policies of the government, which previously pushed the exchange rate to Rp 16,700 per US dollar.
With the addition of this new tariff, the pressure on the rupiah exchange rate is predicted to increase, adding to the challenges to Indonesia's economic stability. "With the additional pressure from this US policy, the negative sentiment towards the rupiah is getting stronger," said Didin, on Thursday, April 3, 2025.
Ilona Estherina, Myesha Fatina Rachman, and Achmaf Ghiffary Mannan contributed to the writing of this article.
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